IDENTIFICATION OF Fusarium oxysporum STRAINS ISOLATED FROM “SIETE CALDOS" CHILI (Capsicum frutescens L.) AND ITS PATHOGENETICITY IN Capsicum chinense JACQ.

Asunción Guadalupe Morales Mendoza, César Chancón, Reyna Zulemy Navarrete Mapen, Nancy Ruiz Lau, José Ramón Pacheco Arjona, Rosa Isela Cruz Rodriguez, Eduardo Raymundo Garrido Ramírez, Víctor Manuel Ruiz Valdiviezo

Abstract


Background. Chili pepper (Capsicum spp.) cultivation extends throughout Mexico, hosting a wide variety worldwide. However, crop health is reduced by the incidence of pathogenic microorganisms such as those of the Fusarium genus, which is one of the main agents causing vascular wilt and mortality of plant species. The use of molecular tools allows for rapid and reliable identification of organisms at the species level and help characterize the symptoms and pathogenicity they cause in hosts, which is important for field management and control. Objective. To identify at the molecular level fungal strains isolated from Siete Caldos chili (C. frutescens) using ITS and evaluate their pathogenicity in C. frutescens and C. chinense. Methodology. Strains of Fusarium from chile Siete Caldos plants (C. frutescens L.) were isolated and identified using traditional techniques (humid chamber and isolation in specific culture media) and molecular techniques (ITS1 and ITS4), and their pathogenicity in C. chinense Jacq. and C. frutescens was evaluated. Results. Seven strains were identified using taxonomic keys denoted as: 44hp, 45ta, 46ta, 46hp, 47hp, 45hpssc and 45hpmcsc. From the amplified regions, the phylogenetic tree was obtained using the maximum-likelihood method based on the comparison of ITS sequences. The fungal isolates were identified and grouped, which corresponded to F. oxysporum strains reported in the NCBI database. The pathogenicity test showed the presence of symptoms in C. frutescens, with strain 45ta being the most virulent (80 % incidence in inoculated plants). However, under the evaluation techniques used, C. chinense plants did not present wilting symptoms. Implications. The higher incidence of strain 45ta in C. frutescens could be due to the affinity of F. oxysporum for its host (Siete Caldos chili), while the absence of symptoms in C. chinense could be due to an asymptomatic infection. Conclusions. The isolated strains showed no variability in their molecular identification, but not all showed the same infective capacity in the pathogenicity test. Therefore, it is necessary to perform tests with greater specificity to determine whether subspecies of the studied isolates exist.

Keywords


phytopathogens; fungi; pepper; Capsicum; symptoms.

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URN: http://www.revista.ccba.uady.mx/urn:ISSN:1870-0462-tsaes.v28i2.62498

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.56369/tsaes.6249

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