SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL RELATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH BIJAO PRODUCING AREAS (Calathea lutea) IN CENTRAL-EASTERN COLOMBIA

Abstract

Background. The bijao (Calathea lutea) is a plant of great importance since it has been used for years in the wrapping of an emblematic Colombian confectionery that is a cultural and financial staple in the area where it is produced. Objective. The aim of the research was to identify socioeconomic characters of peasant families dedicated to the production and sale of bijao leaf were, identify the main plant species that accompany bijao in the ecosystem and document the community's perception of the ecosystem services associated with the plant's ecosystem. Methodology For the development of this study, were used community interviews, questionnaires, workshops and verification visits at farms and cover forest areas and crop field with Bijao.   Results. Predominantly, leaf production was conducted through family farming in transition, with women playing a fundamental role in the process. The community attributes an important ecological role to bijao, which is predicated on the protection and regulation of water, soil, climate and biodiversity. Implications. The study identified conservation values in an ecosystem where pressures exerted on the natural environment by agricultural production, urbanization and tourism prevail. Conclusions. The bijao leaf has socioeconomic importance and is part of the local tradition and culture of peasant families, the leaf is embedded in customs and gives identity to the territory. Women maintain the traditional knowledge of bijao for the next generations and it is an option of life and income for young people. The community recognized the environmental services and goods of the bijao areas on soil and water conservation. It provides conservation values of natural resources in an area with conflicts between forest conservation and where they produce agricultural goods.