CHARACTERIZATION OF THE METABOLIC MODULATION OF SOWS DURING PERIPARTUM AND LACTATION AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH THE LACTATIONAL PHYSIOLOGICAL HYPOPHAGIA: A REVIEW

Abstract

Sow’ digestive and metabolic adaptations during the transition pregnancy-lactation causes decreases in the voluntary feed intake, because of blood glucose increase, essential for intrauterine growth of the litter and mammary gland. Aspect (feed intake reduction) that is maintained at least during the first week post-partum. These conditions encourage the sow (post-partum) to initiate with negative energy balance, forcing the organism to mobilize body reserves to satisfy its nutritional requirements. However, under modern swine production practices, this adaptation represents an obstacle to express the reproductive and productive potential of the species; since, this potential is based on the metabolic state of the sow during lactation and post-partum, where, glucose, insulin and other metabolites (NEFA, IGF-1 and leptin) play a predominant role. These factors have been analyzed in isolation, so it is necessary to integrate them to be clear about the strategies that must be established before the lactational hypophagia. Therefore, in this review try, to articulate the results of various researches around this topic and analyze them under a holistic perspective where both factors and interactions attributable to the phenomenon are prioritized.