ANALYSIS OF STUDIES OF Trichoderma spp. AS A CONTROL AGENT FOR SOIL PHYTOPATHOGENS

Georgina Sánchez Rivera, Hilda Elizabeth Flores Moctezuma, Federico Castrejón Ayala, Mónica Gutiérrez Rojas, Daniel Ruiz Juárez

Abstract


 Background: The biological model based on antagonistic microorganisms reduces risks of contamination to the soil, biota, flora, and ensures food quality and safety. Objetive: To analyze and describe scientific reports of antagonistic action of Trichoderma sp., to inhibit the development of microorganisms that live in soil and cause diseases in plants of agricultural interest. Methodology: 76 scientific documents on Trichoderma sp. antagonism against soil phytopathogenic fungi were compiled and analyzed. Results: According to the literature review, in the laboratory (75 %) and field (25 %), biological and technological systems take advantage of the use of native strains of Trichoderma sp., to reduce populations of phytopathogens and intensified production. Trichoderma sp. expressed antagonism against phytopathogenic fungi. The antagonistic properties that predominated in the Trichoderma genus have inhibition effects, due to competition for space and nutrients; antibiosis due to the production of antibiotic-lytic enzymes and mycoparasitism, where the phytopathogen is invaded in its mycelial reproduction phase by species of Trichoderma sp., however they depend on the favorable environment in the rhizosphere (25 ºC), relative humidity (80 %), pH (5.5), structure and good soil health. Implications: The physiology of Trichoderma sp. parasitism during the plant-pathogen interaction, in phytopathogenic species, results from recognition, adhesion-coiling, lytic activity, intracellular absorption, morphological changes of the phytopathogen cell, loss of cytoplasm and finally disintegration of host hyphae. Conclusions: 100% of the findings analyzed referred to the interaction of Trichoderma species on agricultural crops. 75% of the reports on Trichoderma sp. corresponded to in vitro studies and 25% to in vivo biological systems. Scientific reports of antagonistic action of Trichoderma sp. were based on studies of inhibition, competition and antibiosis, to disable the development of microorganisms that inhabit the soil and cause diseases in plants of agricultural interest.

Keywords


antibiosis; lytic activity; mycoparasitism; antagonistic potential.

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References


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URN: http://www.revista.ccba.uady.mx/urn:ISSN:1870-0462-tsaes.v28i2.59145

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.56369/tsaes.5914

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