SYNERGISTIC POTENTIAL OF GRAFTING AND COPPER NANOPARTICLES IN TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.) HYBRIDS WITH DEFICIT IRRIGATION

Luis Eduardo Tamayo-Ruiz, Efraín Neri-Ramírez, Marcelino Cabrera-de La Fuente, Mario Rocandio-Rodríguez, Yolanda Del Rocío Moreno-Ramírez, Rafael Delgado-Martínez

Abstract


Background: Tomatoes, as a nutraceutical food abundant in vitamins and antioxidants, play a significant role in reducing the risk of various diseases. Integrating advanced agricultural practices, such as using nanoparticles instead of traditional fertilizers, alongside techniques like grafting and deficit irrigation, offers a promising approach to improving their overall quality. Nevertheless, addressing the challenge of water scarcity remains a critical concern in modern agriculture. Objective: To evaluate the growth, yield, and fruit quality of grafted tomato hybrids under deficit irrigation conditions, along with the application of copper nanoparticles. Methodology: This research analyzes the effect of grafting, grafting + 100 ppm CuNPs (copper nanoparticles), and 100 ppm CuNPs on the growth, yield, and quality of Saladette-type tomato hybrids (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Aquiles, Cuauhtémoc, Mesías, and Moctezuma under deficit irrigation (DI) conditions, DI75, and DI50. The variables included plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), leaf area (LA), average fruit weight (AFW), total fruit weight (TFW), and water use efficiency (WUE). The general fruit quality parameters were polar diameter (PD), equatorial diameter (ED), fruit firmness (FF), total soluble solids (TSS) content, β-carotene, and lycopene content. Results: The Aquiles hybrid achieved a remarkable AFW. The Cuauhtémoc hybrid showed higher β-carotene and lycopene contents. Grafted plants promoted higher AFW, TFW, WUE, and FF. The use of CuNPs induced a higher TSS content, β-carotene, and lycopene. The DI50 affected PH, but WUE was higher without TFW changes, increasing TSS and lycopene content. Implications: The loss of fruit quality in grafted tomato plants is compensated using CuNPs and deficit irrigation. Conclusion: Grafting is a highly effective method for increasing tomato yield, while the application of CuNPs significantly enhances the fruit's internal quality. Furthermore, employing deficit irrigation at 50% (DI50) maximizes water use efficiency, improving specific quality attributes without negatively impacting overall yield.

Keywords


agronomic management; carotenoids; water scarcity; nanotechnology; tomato quality

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URN: http://www.revista.ccba.uady.mx/urn:ISSN:1870-0462-tsaes.v28i1.58826

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.56369/tsaes.5882

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Copyright (c) 2025 Luis Eduardo Tamayo-Ruiz, Efraín Neri-Ramírez, Marcelino Cabrera-De la Fuente, Mario Rocandio-Rodríguez, Yolanda Del Rocío Moreno-Ramírez, Rafael Delgado-Martínez

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