GRAIN YIELD AND PROFITABILITY IN CORN AS A FUNCTION OF GENOTYPE, BIOFERTILIZER AND NITROGEN, UNDER WARM CLIMATE

Abstract

Corn growth and production depend of the environmental conditions in which it grows and the nitrogen fertilizer that is crucial to increase grain yield. The use of bacteria for nitrogen fixation and mycorrhiza as a complement to the inorganic fertilizer, can be an option to increase yields, reduce production costs and conserve the environment. As an alternative to this problem, the objective of the present study was to determine the production of dry matter (DM), harvest index, grain yield (GY), and its components, and profitability in the genotypes of maize race "Vandeño", synthetic variety VS-535 and hybrids H-562 and H-7573, with and without biofertilizer and 0, 80 and 160 kg N ha-1. The study was conducted in Iguala, Gro. in early sown under irrigation, phenological stages were recorded. Assessments were evaluated at harvest. For the region of study and time of sowing, only differences between cultivars were observed. The differences observed were genotypical, by effect of biofertilizer and nitrogen in the production of DM and GY. The higher DM and GY were achieved with the combination of H-562, biofertilizer and 160 kg N ha-1 (3000 and 924 g m-2, respectively) and the lower treatment correspond to H-562, without biofertilizer and nitrogen (1703 and 376 g m-2, respectively). The higher net income was achieved with H-562 and 160 kg N ha-1 regardless of the use of biofertilizer.